The Relationship Between Freedom And Civilization Essays - Culture

The Relationship Between Freedom And Civilization The Relationship between Freedom and Civilization Freedom is defined as ?a being able to act, use, etc. freely?. Civilization is defined as ?the peoples considered to have reached a high social development?. This essay will discuss the relationship between both freedom and civilization, by showing how a increase in one will lead to a decrease in the other and vice versa. With a civilization comes a decline in freedom due to religious and government made laws that restrict certain doings and beliefs. For a group of people to be considered Civilized they have to have ?Complex Institutions? one of those being Religion. With a religion comes beliefs and rules to follow that a man must take in if he wants to follow that religion. In these beliefs alone there is probably 100 different things alone that a man can't think. That alone restricts his freedom. Along with these things a man can't think, there is probably 1,000 actions or doings he can't perform without breaking his beliefs. So civilizations just with religious laws alone would almost destroy a mans freedom. But without religion no culture of people would be considered civilized. So just with the religion inside of a civilization, a man's freedom is taken from him. But in most civilizations there is more than just religious laws there is also government or man made laws (But these laws are also said to be the word of the gods but there is no proof of this) Imagine a civilization where there is no thought of a higher being or any type of religion. Of course there wouldn't be any religious laws then but there would be government made laws to help keep order amongst the people. Freedom is again defined as being able to act freely (Thus meaning no rules, laws or restrictions can be put on the people about beliefs, actions.). Some call the U.S. the ?Land of the Free? but how can we consider ourselves to be free with all the laws that limit our actions in public and in our own homes. But if we had no laws chaos would reign and with that how could we consider ourselves to be civilized. People would do whatever they pleased this including killing, raping, stealing, etc. So calling ourselves free is the last thing we should do considering all the thousands of laws we have here in the great old USA. So far this essay has only showed two different attributes of any civilization, religion and government. But most early civilizations are very diffe rent from how things are now. Today in no way are religion and government related at all except for the religious beliefs of the people in the government. In early civilizations the whole government was controlled by religion. In these early civilizations the government could control the people to make them do or think whatever the government wanted. They did this with food surplus. Not only did the government decide how much you were taxed but also how much of the food surplus is given to you. So if you didn't believe in what the government wanted you to or if they thought of you as threat the society (threat meaning that you would impose your newly founded beliefs on to the followers of the government). You would probably be killed or starved or the government would tell the rest of the people you were crazy and they'd probably make an example of you to show the others to never go against the government. So in these early civilizations the government or the men inside of it controlled all, they really tried to almost become the gods. These men could give or take lives and do whatever they really wanted and they could justify it with religion. So in these early civilizations that were controlled by religi on, as the civilization grew the freedom of its people decreased until was inevitably demolished. They had no freedom they were almost like slaves of the government or the ?priests? that would claim to have talked to the almighty. The worst part of it all was that they could justify this by claiming it had to do with the words

objective force warrior essays

objective force warrior essays What is Objective Force Warrior? OFW (Objective Force Warrior) is an attempt to integrate all of a soldiers capabilities into one system of systems. It must be backward compatible with the militarys existing technologies. This system incorporates advanced individual weapons, ultra-lightweight, low bulk, and multifunctional materials, within a full Spectrum Protective Combat Ensemble. It will have advanced sensors and communications. It must maintain a high degree of mobility while sustaining itself for up to 72 hours. The OFW system, scheduled for fielding in 2008, completely integrates these electronic capabilities. Degay explained that soldiers will never again have to wear cumbersome night-vision, infrared goggles, or heavy laser training components on their helmets (Degay, Interview). These and other features such as thermal sensors, day- night video cameras, and chemical and biological sensors are fully integrated within the helmet. It also includes a visor that can act as a "heads-up display monitor"(Degay, Interview) equivalent to two 17-inch computer monitors in front of the soldier's eyes. Being able to view a heads-up display, instead of pulling out map and flashlights, allow you to get a sense of where you are without having to cease your movement. This can be very beneficial. At first, it may be very strenuous on the eyes to be constantly looking at two tiny computer monitors while on the battlefield. However, after using some of the prototype systems, you realize that it is not very cumbersome, because you are not constantly staring at the information on the screens. In the final product, monitors can be turned off when not in use or the heads up display can be placed in the up position, away from the eye completely. The uniform system is a multi-function garment working from the inside out. It incorporates physiological sensors that allow the soldier, the chain of comman...

The Unregistered Design and Copyright Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Unregistered Design and Copyright - Essay Example The migration of mature economies from manufacturing to services has heightened the need to protect intangible assets. Territorial coverage of intellectual property protection is a matter of contention. Individual countries such as the United Kingdom, and groups such as the European Union, are powerhouses of commercially valuable inventions. They are quick to adapt legislation to technological advancement, ensuring that the regulatory environment under their jurisdiction remains conducive for new products and ideas. There are a number of important markets where UK and EU products and services have business potential, and where piracy and the absence of effective protection are major issues. The UK has been diligent in adjusting national laws to EU requirements (Consultation on the Modernization of the UK System of Registration of Designs, 2003). The country ensures protection of essential national interests through the mechanism of the Regulatory Reform Order. However, legal literacy seems to be higher in Germany and France as these countries have more new design registrations. (Consultation on the Modernization of the UK System of Registration of Designs, 2003) The Unregistered Design system and Copyright law in the UK have a common objective to protect intellectual property. Both seek to encourage creativity and innovation. They discourage the pernicious practice that prevails in some countries outside the European Union and the United States, which allows entities to steal or to use ideas of others for their own benefits. The Copyright and Patents Act of 1988 in the United Kingdom actually covers unregistered design (Fawcett & Torremans, 1998). The objective is to provide a degree of protection to parties who do not follow the process of registering functional designs. Unregistered designs are protected against both primary and secondary infringement under this Act. The Community Design system is more flexible and covers all of the EU area; it is more advantageous than national registration (Consultation on the Modernization of the UK System of Registration of Designs, 2003). Both copyright and the unregistered design take immediate effects as soon as a figure or any expression of thought takes form. It is not necessary to take any specific steps or to follow a procedure for the protection of law to take effect. However, both the unregistered design right and copyrights are not applicable for ideas that remain in the minds of their creators. It is therefore important to be the first to establish use of a figure or shape of any work of creative expression. Protection does not create a monopoly or protect the commonplace, but it does prevent deliberate copying. Protection lasts for 15 years from the time of creation and first use, or for 10 years from after commercial use of the design or idea to make a product or to signify a service. Design rights and copyrights are treated as assets that can be bought, sold or licensed (Intellectual Property, 2006). The word copyright is used more often for films, music and similar work, whereas unregistered design is u sed for marks and shapes. Unregistered designs do not need any aesthetic value, as with copyright; it is adequate if a design is unique and different from

Occupy Wall Street Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Occupy Wall Street - Essay Example The strict actions should be taken by the government and other legal bodies to eradicate them from the parks completely. â€Å"The protesters accuse many on Wall Street of unethical and criminal practices. They blame the banking industry for causing the Great Recession, beggaring the American middle class and many senior citizens to the extent that trillions in the assets of Americans in every sector of our society have been lost† (Koch par. 2). To demonstrate an example, a private business has developed much and is much tired of the attack, rapes, public defecations and other illegal activity on their possessions, and request for trespassers to be expelled. Not anything concerning this actuality reminds the First Amendment. The people here totally behave in a messy and a disorganized way by making the places totally unhygienic and polluted. The people at Occupy WallStreet are not menacing anyone excluding the politicians who have determined to apparent them out and defy their right to free speech, passive assembly, and appeal. To state another one example of attempt rape, the rape cases where reported in the parks by the Wall Street Protestants to the ladies who were for a recreation day out. At the beginning on the protesters was frequently youthful, partially as social networks throughout which they encourage the protests are also taken up by the young hands. As the protest grows, elder protesters also grow to be concerned. The normal age group of the activist was 33, with citizens in their 20s evenhanded by citizens in their 40 age group. Diverse spiritual faith has been representing at the protest together with Muslims, Jews, and Christians. The enormous mass of the protesters, considered the logic the unfairness to the all who are concerned. Along with those protester groups are revolutionary who are beside any government, some of whom are looking to connect in violence with the cops; others are essentials

Functions of Oral Communication

Functions of Oral Communication Communication is an important part of our daily lives. It mainly focusing on interact with any living organisms. We communicate with our self at different ages different time ways. Including with our family, friends, socially and professionally . Oral communication benefits business by providing them an outlet through which to explain to and instruct employees. It can be also used to provide clear direction. affirmation and the ability for leadership to upload company policy and mission. For example as what Carl Rogers (1952) one of the eminent psychologists of all time says. a real communication occurs when we listen with understanding to see the expressed idea and attitude from the other persons point of view, to sense how it feels to him, to achieve his frame of reference in regard to the things he is talking about. Elizabeth Tierney (1998) says, communication as a process which begin when you have a message that you want to deliver to an audience. Your audience receive the message, reacts to it and then responds to your message. That respond may lead you to react and give another message. This process may continue. The message can be an idea, a thought or feeling which we wish to share with others. It also can be shorter or lengthier with a important rules where there is a sender and a receiver. Julia T. Wood (2009) says, communication as a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. The important terms are process which is ongoing, continuous and always changing; systemic which happen within a system of interconnected parts that affect each other; symbols which represent things and meanings where any act of communication involves two essential aspects. Joseph Devito (2009) says, that communication take place when one person or more sends and receives message that are distorted by noise, occur within a context, have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback with some basic elements. These are context, source-receiver, messages, channels, noise and effects. Communication will successfully if the receiver received the message clearly in any form. See 3.0 1.1 Form, Function and Strategies in Oral Communication In this assignment I will be focusing on the discussion about how form, function and strategies are use in oral communication in the Malaysian context. 1.1.1 Form Form are important in oral communication on how to deliver a message. There proven to be 7 forms . Intrapersonal communication Interpersonal communication Small group communication Public communication Mass communication Corporate communication Intercultural communication 1.1.2 Function We can define function as a function or action or evaluating self act in a conversation. arguments or even self talk. Example : A : do you want to eat roti chanai ? B: i ate nasi lemak The function over here is B is rejecting . 1.1.3 Strategies Specifically focus on oral interaction and interlocutors negotiation behavior for coping with communication breakdowns. Strategies used for the purpose of the communication on how this use represented the extent of discourse in the oral proficiency tests. According to previous research dealing with transcription data analysis, strategies for communication have been listed as achievement and reduction strategies . When the speakers had difficulties expressing an thought or idea, they used strategies to give themselves a time frame to figure out . Example Strategy questionnaire as below : When I need to think of what to sayI use filler such as um.urh, welletc to gain time . When I have difficulty thinking of the right words, I let other say something first so that I use similar words to express my self. When I dont understand othersI request them to repeat those words to make sure my self I understand. 2.0 ORAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS 2.1 In oral communication, information, thoughts and ideas are conveyed via a spoken language in the following ways:- Face-to-face conversations; Meeting; Voice mail messages Teleconferencing; Oral presentations; and Public speaking. 2.2 We have 3 models of communication process where the sender and receiver communication take place . 2.2.1 Linear Model Its invole two people. Its a one-way communication process which require one person to acts on another person. its a straigh forward message transmit from a speaker to a listener . Shannon and Weavers model Laswells (1948) describe how communication works in five question Who said? What? In what channel? To whom? With what effect? 2.2.2 Interactive Model To be very shortFacebook and MSN are the examples of interactive model. This model can be focus as a succesesr for liner model which has greather chances of succesfull communication . 2.2.3 Transactional Model This is a excellant model for face to face communication which takes the effects of noisetimeand systems into consideration. Transactional Model can be define as ongoing and continously changing proess communication. In any form or forms of oral communication ( refer 3.0 )the 3 models and 6 elements are present directly and indirectly. 3.0 Form of oral communication Intrapersonal communication It is communicating your self .A internel dialoge for your self.A self talk most people say. Most of them bypass this process much of their stress in life is from a feeling of not having any control in their lives. Meditation prayer are part of this intrapersonal also. Interpersonal communication A simply any verbal or non verbal message transferred between people. Small group communication Its define as interpersonal communication within 3 or more persons. Communication is an important part of our daily lives. It mainly focusing on interact with any living organisms. We communicate with our self, at different age, different time ways. Including with our though, family, friends, socially and professionally . Oral communication benefits business by providing them an outlet through which to explain to and instruct employees. It can be also used to provide clear direction, affirmation and the ability for leadership to upload company policy and mission. For example as what Carl Rogers (1952) one of the eminent psychologists of all time says, a real communication occurs when we listen with understanding to see the expressed idea and attitude from the other persons point of view, to sense how it feels to him, to achieve his frame of reference in regard to the things he is talking about. Elizabeth Tierney (1998) says, communication as a process which begin when you have a message that you want to deliver to an audience. Your audience receive the message, reacts to it and then responds to your message. That respond may lead you to react and give another message. This process may continue. The message can be an idea, a thought or feeling which we wish to share with others. It also can be shorter or lengthier with a important rules where there is a sender and a receiver. Julia T. Wood (2009) says, communication as a systemic process in which people interact with and through symbols to create and interpret meanings. The important terms are process which is ongoing, continuous and always changing; systemic which happen within a system of interconnected parts that affect each other; symbols which represent things and meanings where any act of communication involves two essential aspects. Joseph Devito (2009) says, that communication take place when one person or more sends and receives message that are distorted by noise, occur within a context, have some effect, and provide some opportunity for feedback with some basic elements. These are context, source-receiver, messages, channels, noise and effects. Communication will successfully if the receiver received the message clearly in any form. See 3.0 1.1 Form, Function and Strategies in Oral Communication In this assignment I will be focusing on the discussion about how form, function and strategies are use in oral communication in the Malaysian context. 1.1.1 Form Form are important in oral communication on how to deliver a message. There proven to be 7 forms . Intrapersonal communication Interpersonal communication Small group communication Public communication Mass communication Corporate communication Intercultural communication 1.1.2 Function We can define function as a function or action or evaluating self act in a conversation, arguments or even self talk. Example : A : do you want to eat roti chanai ? B: i ate nasi lemak The function over here is B is rejecting . 1.1.3 Strategies Specifically focus on oral interaction and interlocutors negotiation behavior for coping with communication breakdowns. Strategies used for the purpose of the communication on how this use represented the extent of discourse in the oral proficiency tests. According to previous research dealing with transcription data analysis, strategies for communication have been listed as achievement and reduction strategies . When the speakers had difficulties expressing an thought or idea, they used strategies to give themselves a time frame to figure out . Example Strategy questionnaire as below : When I need to think of what to say, I use filler such as um.urh, well, etc to gain time . When I have difficulty thinking of the right words, I let other say something first so that I use similar words to express my self. When I dont understand others, I request them to repeat those words to make sure my self I understand. 2.0 ORAL COMMUNICATION PROCESS 2.1 In oral communication, information, thoughts and ideas are conveyed via a spoken language in the following ways:- Face-to-face conversations; Meeting; Voice mail messages Teleconferencing; Oral presentations; and Public speaking. 2.2 We have 3 models of communication process where the sender and receiver communication take place . 2.2.1 Linear Model Its invole two people. Its a one-way communication process which require one person to acts on another person. its a straigh forward message transmit from a speaker to a listener . Shannon and Weavers model Laswells (1948) describe how communication works in five question Who said? What? In what channel? To whom? With what effect? 2.2.2 Interactive Model To be very short, Facebook and MSN are the examples of interactive model. This model can be focus as a succesesr for liner model which has greather chances of succesfull communication . 2.2.3 Transactional Model This is a excellant model for face to face communication which takes the effects of noise, time, and systems into consideration. Transactional Model can be define as ongoing and continously changing proess communication. In any form or forms of oral communication ( refer 3.0 ), the 3 models and 6 elements are present directly and indirectly. 3.0 Form of oral communication Intrapersonal communication It is communicating your self .A internel dialoge for your self.A self talk most people say. Most of them bypass this process much of their stress in life is from a feeling of not having any control in their lives. Meditation prayer are part of this intrapersonal also. Interpersonal communication A simply any verbal or non verbal message transferred between people. Small group communication Its define as interpersonal communication within 3 or more persons. Public communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Mass communication A communication thru radio, broadcast news paper to reach the wide population. Corporate communication; Communication that takes place among members of an organization, within that building or organization. Intercultural communication. Communication between people of diverse cultures and ethnicity. A process of exchanging meaningful and unambiguous information across cultural boundaries. I will mainly will be elaborating about Interpersonal communication, Small group communication Public Communication. See below 3.1 Interpersonal communication What is the ONE skill required of almost every job at online career? Basic interpersonal communication such as a good intrapersonal communication, listening, language, emotions, non-verbal communication, communication climate, and others which this skills will make you excellent at being as a good friend, good spouse, good employee and boss. By learning all them and putting them into practice as often as possible to become excellent at interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication involves a close group of participants such as the everyday conversations you carry on. Interpersonal communication involves face to face encounters which you get the immediate communication. It also includes speeches, general friendly exchanges, arguments and basically anytime you speak to someone. Many variations make interpersonal communication flexibility important for difference circumstances. We use interpersonal communication to learn new information such as when asking questions. Plus, we use it to share information such as when telling a story. Even to define yourself in a speech. We do learn about different cultures and languages through interpersonal communication as well. Interpersonal communication is very indeed important since it develop our self throughout the stages of life.You learn, teach and get an identity. You get so many things to share to others who you are. Basically learn how to pronounce words correctly and to speak properly in certain situation and how to communicate in general. In recent years, interpersonal communication has taken back seat compare to other forms since more people are in to using social networks to exchange information and contacts. Basically develop your interpersonal communication skills for success at work and at home. 3.2 Small group communication Interpersonal communication define as within 3 or more persons. People join groups for variety of reasons. Some group members are motivated by task concerns and others are motivated by interpersonal attraction to other group of members. There is a phrase, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts , which also refers to group synergy. A group synergy refers to the idea that two heads or more are better then one. A group communication will increase the ability to perform more and multiple work which provide encouragement and support to its members within a project .This may lead to promote the interpersonal relationships between the group members. Individuals often join a team or group to meet their interpersonal needs. Self Control is needed to exercise leadership and prove ones abilities. Some person do not want to be a leader. So, group communication is the necessary control over aspects of their lives.Take note that groups are an excellent way to make friends We can split group communication into various types of groups. Social Groups This group is predominantly social in their orientation such as families and social clubs. Basically its provide for our safety and solidarity needs and they help to develop self-esteem. Work Groups This group work to complete a particular task. Their expertise is counted to full fill the mission or task. There are several work groups such as workplaces, campus organizations or juries. An example of this will be assembly line which each worker performs tasks to build a complete car. A group members must be able to communicate freely and openly with all of the other members of the group. A group must have a common purpose or goal so that they must work together to achieve that goal. Basically a goal bring the team together. 3.3 Public Communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Skill in public speaking is important. No matter what your career choice, most collage graduates enter occupations that require some form of speaking before groups.Culture affects the way people use, present and regards public speaking. Public Communication usually dificult for most people and effective public speaking is a skill which must be learned. Not only do you listen in person, but receive information via technology. We hear speeches on television and radio.The basic components of public communication process are the source and the code, perceptions and attitudes, message, channel, receiver, feedback, noise and environment . Audience awarness is very important when its comes to public communication .Its the ability to ensure that your communication level is interactive towards the listeners. Self-centered is very importand. Public comunication can be define as public speaking as well. It can consider as fear for most of the people. But with proper preparation, anyone can make it happen. Few tips to be a good public communicator or public speaker. Dress for success. Be with good packaging such as dress code. Better to overdressd than undredressed. It definatly will enchance your image. Prepare a great intro and closing. Practice till you even can say them forward and backward. A great start with some humor or short story will definatly works. Try to filter out the ah ,Mmmm the presentation. It will annoy or will definalty will give uncomfertable reaction to the audience. To skip this try to join the local Toastmasters international club. Try to build your presentation in to an easy format to follow. Flip chat with key point works better on this .A handouts where participants can follow the topic that you will cover will works as well. Time is the most important element in public communication. Sharp with point with proper timing will always lead to a great opening and ending. Rehearse as much as you can. Always keep eye contact with the audience. Try to find some smiling audience. Move from one to one. Its a rewarding expriences when its comes to public communication. Its boots everything up. 4.0 Conclusion Oral communication is the most important component in any area such as business, relationship, family, work and etc. Without it interaction is almost imposible. Oral communication skills are crucial in handeling with others, and this is proven in any situation. As we in malaysia, there are some example of our everyday oral communication as Manglish . Originated from English, malay, hokkian, mandarin and tamil. We intend to add Lah in all the words as below. Come one lah, see how lah and etc. Got or not Means, do you have it ? When ah? Who ah? Where ah? in rising ahs mean respectively When? Who? Where? It noted that we shoud start a good proper words to correct us for a better future with better oral language in communication. Public communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Mass communication A communication thru radio, broadcast news paper to reach the wide population. Corporate communication; Communication that takes place among members of an organization, within that building or organization. Intercultural communication. Communication between people of diverse cultures and ethnicity. A process of exchanging meaningful and unambiguous information across cultural boundaries. I will mainly will be elaborating about Interpersonal communication, Small group communication Public Communication. See below 3.1 Interpersonal communication What is the ONE skill required of almost every job at online career? Basic interpersonal communication such as a good intrapersonal communication, listening, language, emotions, non-verbal communication, communication climate, and others which this skills will make you excellent at being as a good friend, good spouse, good employee and boss. By learning all them and putting them into practice as often as possible to become excellent at interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication involves a close group of participants such as the everyday conversations you carry on. Interpersonal communication involves face to face encounters which you get the immediate communication. It also includes speeches, general friendly exchanges, arguments and basically anytime you speak to someone. Many variations make interpersonal communication flexibility important for difference circumstances. We use interpersonal communication to learn new information such as when asking questions. Plus, we use it to share information such as when telling a story. Even to define yourself in a speech. We do learn about different cultures and languages through interpersonal communication as well. Interpersonal communication is very indeed important since it develop our self throughout the stages of life.You learn, teach and get an identity. You get so many things to share to others who you are. Basically learn how to pronounce words correctly and to speak properly in certain situation and how to communicate in general. In recent years, interpersonal communication has taken back seat compare to other forms since more people are in to using social networks to exchange information and contacts. Basically develop your interpersonal communication skills for success at work and at home. 3.2 Small group communication Interpersonal communication define as within 3 or more persons. People join groups for variety of reasons. Some group members are motivated by task concerns and others are motivated by interpersonal attraction to other group of members. There is a phrase, the whole is greater than the sum of its parts , which also refers to group synergy. A group synergy refers to the idea that two heads or more are better then one. A group communication will increase the ability to perform more and multiple work which provide encouragement and support to its members within a project .This may lead to promote the interpersonal relationships between the group members. Individuals often join a team or group to meet their interpersonal needs. Self Control is needed to exercise leadership and prove ones abilities. Some person do not want to be a leader. So, group communication is the necessary control over aspects of their lives.Take note that groups are an excellent way to make friends We can split group communication into various types of groups. Social Groups This group is predominantly social in their orientation such as families and social clubs. Basically its provide for our safety and solidarity needs and they help to develop self-esteem. Work Groups This group work to complete a particular task. Their expertise is counted to full fill the mission or task. There are several work groups such as workplaces, campus organizations or juries. An example of this will be assembly line which each worker performs tasks to build a complete car. A group members must be able to communicate freely and openly with all of the other members of the group. A group must have a common purpose or goal so that they must work together to achieve that goal. Basically a goal bring the team together. 3.3 Public Communication According to Wikipedia, Public Communication is the process of speaking to a group of people in a structured, deliberate manner intended to inform, influence or entertain the listeners . Skill in public speaking is important. No matter what your career choice, most collage graduates enter occupations that require some form of speaking before groups.Culture affects the way people use, present and regards public speaking. Public Communication usually dificult for most people and effective public speaking is a skill which must be learned. Not only do you listen in person, but receive information via technology. We hear speeches on television and radio.The basic components of public communication process are the source and the code, perceptions and attitudes, message, channel, receiver, feedback, noise and environment . Audience awarness is very important when its comes to public communication .Its the ability to ensure that your communication level is interactive towards the listeners. Self-centered is very importand. Public comunication can be define as public speaking as well. It can consider as fear for most of the people. But with proper preparation, anyone can make it happen. Few tips to be a good public communicator or public speaker. Dress for success. Be with good packaging such as dress code. Better to overdressd than undredressed. It definatly will enchance your image. Prepare a great intro and closing. Practice till you even can say them forward and backward. A great start with some humor or short story will definatly works. Try to filter out the ah ,Mmmm the presentation. It will annoy or will definalty will give uncomfertable reaction to the audience. To skip this try to join the local Toastmasters international club. Try to build your presentation in to an easy format to follow. Flip chat with key point works better on this .A handouts where participants can follow the topic that you will cover will works as well. Time is the most important element in public communication. Sharp with point with proper timing will always lead to a great opening and ending. Rehearse as much as you can. Always keep eye contact with the audience. Try to find some smiling audience. Move from one to one. Its a rewarding expriences when its comes to public communication. Its boots everything up. 4.0 Conclusion Oral communication is the most important component in any area such as business, relationship, family, work and etc. Without it interaction is almost imposible. Oral communication skills are crucial in handeling with others, and this is proven in any situation. As we in malaysia, there are some example of our everyday oral communication as Manglish . Originated from English, malay, hokkian, mandarin and tamil. We intend to add Lah in all the words as below. Come one lah, see how lah and etc. Got or not Means, do you have it ? When ah? Who ah? Where ah? in rising ahs mean respectively When? Who? Where? It noted that we shoud start a good proper words to correct us for a better future with better oral language in communication.

Marathon Running Essay

Runners come in all shapes and sizes. I have seen 300-pound men and women at the start of a race and in contrast the chiseled muscles of the elite runners. The reasons for running are as various as the runners themselves. Some run for weight lose, mental or physical health, competition, and charity. There are many physical health benefits for running; â€Å"Human bodies burn about 2,000-2,500 calories a day in normal activities. Running 5 miles a day can burn an additional 500 calories. † If this same formula holds true, a person completing a marathon will have burnt close to 2,600 calories. However, how fast a person doesn’t correspond with how much weight they may loose while running. â€Å"For example, a 220-pound person running an eight-minute mile burns 150 calories, while a 120-pound person running at the same pace burns only 82. Every person’s body requires an excess of 3,500 calories in order to gain a pound or a deficit of 3,500 calories in order to lose a pound. Thus, 180-pound person who runs 5 miles each day will lose about 5 pounds a month. However, as his or her weight goes down, he or she will burn fewer calories per mile† according to a study conducted at Vanderbilt University. According to Runner’s World editor Hal Higgdon. â€Å"Running can also have many psychological benefits. Most significantly runners typically report being happier and feeling less stressed than their counterparts who do not run or exercise regularly. Running actually has the ability to alter an individuals moods because hormones called endorphins are released while running. These hormones create a sense of euphoria often referred to as a runner’s high and can result in an improvement in the runner’s mood. † With these endorphins being released into the runner’s body, running can be very addictive. A man or woman can feel like they’ve been turned into Michael Jordan and anything, even running 26 miles, is possible. Running a marathon and the distances to train are also almost spiritual. When I run I am able to solve my companies, personal, families, and the whole worlds problems. I have come up with some of the most life altering and affirming choices in the sunrise of an 8-mile run. Running is also a great stress reliever while running I am able to focus on the road and the miles as they build. I am able to forget about the office, family, or other concerns. There are 26. reasons why a marathon is hard. To put this distance in perspective if you were to drive your car at 60 mph it would take a half an hour to drive that distance. But while running the marathon â€Å"there is no downtime. You’re the machine,† says physical therapist Jim Wharton of New York-based Wharton Performance, which trains world-class athletes. The debate about the difficulty of the m arathon, doesn’t center just on the physical aspects. â€Å"Motivation, confidence and mental toughness are necessary,† says Stephen Russo, director of sports psychology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System. Running is painful; it’s tedious, and exhausting. After a few miles our bodies scream for us to stop and rest. When the body screams stop that is when the mind takes over and you keep running. Through my experiences in running and race competitions I can say a marathon is not something that can be described it is something must be experienced. In a marathon the participant will be competing against hundreds and in larger races thousands of other hopefuls. In many marathons time restrictions are placed on which the marathon will end. -8 hours after the marathon has began, barricades will be removed and the race rout will be dismantled. If a runner is unable to finish in the allotted time the race officials may take them to the finish line and will not allowed to finish. However during those 6-8 hours a runner can run, jog, or walk any distance they want. When Khalid Khannouchi won the London Marathon last year, he didn’t do any walking: He set a world record of 2 hours, 5 minutes and 38 seconds. For elite athletes like Khannouchi distance running is a way of life. Marathoners seem either to be training or getting ready for the next workout. You wake up every morning and you know what you have to do. You have long mileage to accumulate. Sometimes you’re already tired from your last two or three workouts. You still have to wake up, have the motivation and go outside and do the training. † Khannouchi said. For me running is not simply about the weight loss or the constant inquires of family, friends, and co-workers who ask, â€Å"How many mile(s) did you run today? † When I run I am only accountable to my trusty stopwatch and myself. The marathon is my Everest. I will be back. Standing there with hundreds of other runners in tank tops and short on a cold fall morning, waiting for the starter pistol. I don’t run for the medal or the crowd I run for me. I run despite the 9 times out of 10 it will hurt, but I keep going. I run for that one time that it doesn’t and I am able to finish my run and look down at my stop watch and be excited about a new personal best time, if only a few seconds. I run because I know it will hurt but I keep going and I won’t give into the pain. I am an athlete. I am runner.

Case Study of Army Crew Team

1. Why does the varsity team lose to the JV team?Varsity team loses to the JV team because they don’t have effective teamwork. They have excellent sources which are strength, technique but can’t make use of source as they don’t have any reason to devote themselves to other team members. It means they don’t have attention and interest about team members and this situation make individual strengths be useless in race.2. What should Coach P. have done differently earlier in the season to resolve this problem? At exactly what pint should he have intervened differently?Coach P. should have focused on personality and temper of members rather than strength and techniques when he consist teams. He just focused on exterior traits and didn’t focus on relationship of members. If he had known about relationship of players, he would have consisted team members in a balanced way. Balance means that each member will be mutual supplementation and make positive team mood.3. At the end of the case, what action should Coach P. take on Tuesday? Why do you recommend this action? How should he implement this action? Please be specific.There is no other better way than it that members become friend to solve this problem. For that, Coach should try to make friendship at the meeting. How? Coach P. can make friendship by making players tell merits of other players. But just saying sentences don’t have affects. Each member should stare eyes each other about 3~5seconds and tell about good traits of other players. This action will slightly make some affection and this small change will make huge changes.4. How would you compare the Army Crew team to your AAR project teams? What are the key similarities and differences? What lessons can we learn from the Army Crew team?Both army crew team and AAR project team have similar number of members and should have good teamwork to achieve good results. While army crew team have fixed role to respective membe rs, AAR project team don’t have any designated role. Because there are no designated role and leader in AAR project team, it would be possible for one person to undertake all tasks or one person not to participate to the project. To prevent that situation and as a lessons from the army crew team should we give attention to isolated member not criticizing but comforting and caring him. We should go together even though some retard would be expected because there is no one who is not effective person.5. References Indicate at least two reading materials(HBR or ED that help you to respond this case)